Glossary

• AA1000 assurance standard (aa1000as) (2008)

  Provides the requirements for conducting sustainability assurance. It evaluates adherence to the AA1000 Principles and the quality of publicly disclosed information on sustainability performance.

• Aids

  Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

• AS/NZS 4801

  Australia/New Zealand Standard specifying requirements for an occupational health andsafety management system.

• BEE

  Black Economic Empowerment – The ‘Broad- Based Black Economic Empowerment Act 53 of 2003’ established a legislative framework for the economic empowerment of all black people including women, workers, youth, people withdisabilities and people living in rural areas.

• Biodiversity

  Biodiversity is an abbreviation of ‘biological diversity’ and means the variability among living organisms from all sources, including land-based and aquatic eco-systems, and the eco-systems of which they are part. These include diversity withinspecies, between species and of eco-systems.

• Biodiversity offset

  The setting aside of an area to compensatefor the disturbance or loss of biodiversity.

• Business Principles

  Xstrata’s Statement of Business Principles sets out the ethical framework for the way we work globally. The statement sets out specific aspirations and commitments that apply to the Company’s relations with its customers, employees, shareholders, partners, suppliers and in the communities where it operates.

• Carbon intensity

  Calculated as CO₂e tonnes per tonne of product.

• CCS

  Carbon capture and storage. The capture of CO₂ from the combustion of fossil fuels and storageas liquid CO₂ in deep underground seams.

• CCSD

  Cooperative Research Centre for Coal inSustainable Development in Australia.

• ‘Clean coal’ technology

  Refer to LECT – low emission coal technology below.

• Closure plan

  A formal document detailing a costed conceptual outline of how the operation will be closed, taking into account the options available to deal with prevailing social and environmental issues.

• CO₂e

  Carbon dioxide equivalent is a standard metric by which greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide are converted to CO₂ equivalence to facilitate comparisons and quantification.

• Colliery

  Underground coal mine. combined code on corporate governance

• The UK’s Combined Code on Corporate

  Governance sets out standards of good practice in relation to issues such as board composition and development, remuneration, accountability and audit and relations with shareholders.

• Commodity business unit (CBU)

  Xstrata’s activities are structured into six global commodity businesses organised along commodity lines: Xstrata Alloys, Xstrata Coal, Xstrata Copper, Xstrata Nickel, Xstrata Zinc; plus Xstrata Technology.

• CRC

  Co-operative Research Centre – key body for Australian scientific research administered by the Commonwealth Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research.

• Critical Incident (CI)

  An incident which has caused a fatality or lifethreatening injuries to a person; damage to assets or property, or loss of operations, to a value greater than $10 million; a category 4 or category 5 environmental incident or; media attention/public exposure of a serious, negative consequence.

• CSI

  Corporate Social Involvement.

• dBA

  Decibels are used to measure sound level. The most widely used sound level filter is the A scale, measurements made on this scale are expressed as dBA.

• DEAT

  Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, South Africa.

• Direct energy

  Forms of energy that are consumed within the operational boundary.

• Disabling Injury

  Lost Time Injuries (LTI) and Restricted Work Injuries (RWI).

• DISR

  Disabling Injury Severity Rate – days lost to disabling injuries per million hours worked.

• DJSI

  Dow Jones Sustainability Index.

• Diversity

  Workplace diversity refers to the extent to which an organisation is culturally diverse. Cultural diversity includes the range of ways in which people experience a unique group identity, which includes gender, sexual orientation, race, ethnicity and age.

• EC

  European Commission.

• EIS

  Environmental Impact Study.

• EIA

  Environmental Impact Assessment.

• EITI (Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative)

  The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) aims to increase transparency in transactions between governments and companies within the extractive industries sector.

• Environmental incident categories

  Incidents are classified on a scale ranging from 1 to 5 representing the extent of environmental impact.

• EMPR

  Environmental Management Programme Report (the South African equivalent of an Environmental Impact Study/Assessment).

• EMS

  Environmental Management System[s].

• EU

  European Union.

• Fatality

  A death resulting from an occupational injury or illness.

• Fresh water intensity

  Fresh water use per tonne of product.

• GJ

  Gigajoules (1 GJ = 1,000,000,000 joules).

• Global compact

  The UN Global Compact is a voluntary corporate responsibility initiative to advance 10 universal principles in the areas of human rights, labour,the environment and anti-corruption.

• GHG

  Greenhouse gas.

• GRI

  Global Reporting Initiative – a multi-stakeholder, international process whose mission is to develop and disseminate globally applicable Sustainability Reporting Guidelines to assist corporations in reporting on the economic, environmental and social performance of their operations.

• ha

  Hectares (1 ha = 10,000 square metres).

• HDSA

  Historically Disadvantaged South African.

• High Potential Risk Incident (HpRi)

  An incident which could have resulted in a Critical Incident (CI).

• HIV

  Human immunodeficiency virus.

• Hours worked

  Total number of hours worked by employees, including overtime and training, excluding leave, sickness and other absences, including the total number of contractor hours worked on-siteduring the year.

• HSEC

  Health, safety, environment and community.

• ICMM

  International Council on Mining and Metals.

• ILO

  International Labour Organisation.

• Indirect energy

  Energy produced outside the operational boundary that is consumed to supply energy for the operation (e.g. purchased electricity).

• Intensity (intensity measure)

  Key performance indicators normalised to tonne of production.

• ISO 14001

  The International Standardisation Organisation’sstandard for environmental management systems.

• IUCN

  International Union for the Conservation ofNature and Natural Resources, also known as the‘World Conservation Union’.

• Jarofix

  Jarosite is transformed into jarofix, a solidified, stabilised, inert material (classified as a nonhazardouswaste).

• Jarosite

  Iron sulphate (classified as a hazardous waste).

• kWh

  Kilowatt hour.

• Land disturbed

  Land disturbed by operational activities.

• Land rehabilitated

  Land disturbed by operational activities and thenreshaped and revegetated.

• LECT

  Low emission coal technology. Technology to produce near-zero carbon emission electricityand hydrogen from coal.

• Longwall

  Series of equipment, including hydraulic jacks and a shearer, used to mine coal in an undergroundmine.

• LPG

  Liquid petroleum gas.

• LTI

  Lost Time Injury – an occupational injury or illness that results in days away from work on any rostered shift subsequent to that on which theinjury occurred. A fatality is also recorded as a LTI.

• LTIFR

  Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate = number oflost time injuries per million hours worked.

• m³

  Cubic metres.

• MAC

  Mining Association of Canada.

• Materiality

  Disclosing all information of significant concern to stakeholders for assessing our economic,environmental and social performance.

• MCA

  Minerals Council of Australia.

• Megalitre or ML

  1 megalitre = 1,000,000 litres or 1,000 kilolitres.

• MWh

  Megawatt hour (1,000 kilowatt hours (kWh)).

• µg/dl

  Micrograms per decilitre (decilitre = one tenth of a litre).

• Millennium Development Goals

  Eight goals agreed by the United Nations in 2000 which range from halving extreme poverty to halting the spread of HIV/AIDS.

• Mining Charter

  The policy objective stated in the South African Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act to expand opportunities for historically disadvantaged persons to enter the mining and minerals industry or benefit from the exploitation of the nation’s mineral resources.

• MPRDA

  The South African Minerals and Petroleum Resources Development Act, 2004 governs the transfer of mining rights and grant of mining authorisations.

• Mt

  Megatonnes (1 Mt = 1,000,000 tonnes).

• MTI

  Medical Treatment Injuries – an occupational injury/illness which is not classified as an LTI or RWI, but which results in loss of consciousness or medical treatment after first aid.

• MW

  Megawatt, a unit for measuring electric power, which has the value of 1,000,000 watts.

• NGOs

  Non-governmental organisations.

• NIHL

  Noise-induced hearing loss.

• Non-trading items

  Non-trading items are material items of income and expense, which, due to their nature or expected infrequency are presented separately.

• NO_x

  Oxides of nitrogen (nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide).

• NT

  Northern Territory, Australia.

• Occupational illness

  An occupational illness is registered when it is confirmed as a work-related compensable case by a medical practitioner/physician.

• OHSAS 18001

  The internationally recognised assessment specification for occupational health and safety management systems. It was developed by a selection of leading trade bodies, international standards and certification bodies.

• PGMs

  Platinum group metals.

• PPE

  Personal protective equipment.

• PJ

  Petajoule (1,000,000 gigajoules).

• Premus technology

  Proprietary technology for the production of ferrochrome, developed and patented by Xstrata Alloys. Premus technology has significant cost and environmental benefits compared to existing technology.

• Raw water

  Untreated water extracted from ground water, dams or rivers. Ground water is extracted from wells, bores, cut off trenches and mine dewatering both on and off site. Surface water is defined as water from streams, lakes and dams including rain water and collected runoff.

• Recycled water

  Recycled/reused water is water:

  • that has been used at least once in a process within the operation or at another operation within the organisation;
  • that would otherwise be part of a waste stream; and
  • if not reused, would require the input of raw water.

  Red List

  IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

• Reductant

  Reducing agent, i.e. the electron donor in an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction.

• Renewable energy

  Energy generated from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides and geothermal heat, which are renewable (naturally replenished).

• Renewable resources

  Capable of being replenished within a short time through ecological cycles (as opposed to resources such as minerals, metals, oil, gas, coal that do not renew in short time periods).

• Resettlement

  The relocation of people or communities to a new location.

• ROM

  Run of mine.

• RWI

  Restricted Work Injury is an occupational injury or illness that results in a person being physically or mentally unable to perform all or any part of his/her normal assignment during any rostered shift subsequent to that on which the event occurred, that is, where: (1) the employee was assigned to another job on a temporary basis; (2) the employee worked at a permanent job less than full-time; or (3) the employee worked at his or her permanently assigned job but could not perform all the duties normally connected with it.

• Scope 1/direct GHG emissions

  GHG emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by Xstrata. For example, direct emissions related to combustion from burning fuel for energy within the mining lease.

• Scope 2/indirect GHG emissions

  GHG emissions that result from Xstrata’s activities but are generated at sources owned or controlled by another organisation. In the context of this indicator, indirect emissions refer to greenhouse gas emissions from the generation of electricity consumed by Xstrata’s operations.

• Scope 3 GHG emissions

  Scope 3 is an optional reporting category that allows for the treatment of all other indirect GHG emissions. Scope 3 GHG emissions are a consequence of the activities of our operations, but occur from sources not owned or controlled by the Company. Some examples of Scope 3 activities are transportation of materials and use of sold products.

• SD

  Sustainable Development.

• SD Assurance Programme

  Under the Xstrata SD Assurance Programme operations and projects undergo a range of SD audits, including SD risk audits, SD standards audits and SD integration audits.

• SD Standards

  Xstrata’s 17 SD Standards which set out corporate SD performance expectations for each project and operation and against which sites and commodity businesses are independently audited through the Xstrata SD Assurance Programme.

• SME

  Small and medium-sized enterprise(s).

• Social Involvement Plan (sip)

  A plan produced by each commodity business which determines engagement with local communities and details the range of initiatives to be undertaken and the financial and other resources dedicated to social involvement.

• Tailings and tailings dams

  The fine fraction of waste rock remaining after the mining and on-site processing of mineral resources. Tailings are transferred into engineered impoundments known as tailings dams.

• Total fresh water (total water consumption)

  The sum of all fresh water drawn into the boundaries of the reporting organisation from all sources (including surface water, ground water, rain water, and municipal water supply) for any use over the course of the reporting period.

• Turnover

  Employment resignations and terminations as a percentage of the total permanent workforce.

• Transformation

  In South Africa, the term transformation describes the ongoing process to develop a sustainable, equitable society and economy in post-aparthei South Africa.

• TRI

  Total Recordable Injuries – a measure that includes Lost Time Injuries (including fatalities); Restricted Work Injuries; and Medical Treatment Injuries.

• TRIFR

  Total Recordable Injury Frequency Rate = number of total recordable injuries (LTI + RWI + MTI) per million hours worked.

• VCT

  Voluntary counselling and HIV/AIDs testing programme.

• Waste water discharged

  Total volume of effluent discharged to: surface water for irrigation; third parties for treatment; and rivers or oceans.