AIDS - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Anti-retroviral treatment - A drug that suppresses the progression or activity of a retrovirus. For HIV these drugs usually target various stages of the replication cycle such as transcription and protein synthesis. Anti-retroviral drugs include ddC and AZT.

Bilharzia - A parasitic disease acquired by contact with infected water.

Biodiversity - Biodiversity is an abbreviation of 'biological diversity' and means the variability among living organisms from all sources, including land based and aquatic ecosystems, and the ecosystems of which they are part. These include diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems.

Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) - A species of silvery wattle found in Queensland and north NSW Australia.

Biodiversity offset - The setting aside of an area to compensate for the disturbance of biodiversity.

Body mass index - A measure of body weight relative to height.

Business Principles - An ethos of systems, policies and procedures to conducting business activities which sets out specific aspirations and commitments that apply to the company' relations with its customers, employees, shareholders, partners, suppliers and in the communities where it operates.

CCSD - Cooperative Research Centre for Coal in Sustainable Development in Australia.

CEO - Chief Executive Officer.

Closure plan - A formal document detailing a costed conceptual outline of how the operation will be closed, taking into account the options available to deal with prevailing social and environmental issues.

Coal mine methane - Methane is a greenhouse gas with approximately 21 times higher global warming potential than CO2. Methane (CH4) is released from coal as it is mined.

CO2 - Carbon dioxide.

CO2-e - Carbon dioxide equivalent is a standard metric by which greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide are converted to CO2 equivalence to facilitate comparisons and quantification.

Colliery - Underground coal mine.

Community complaints - Any issue raised by a member of the community relating to the operation in question, whether resolved or not. Can relate to an enquiry, a pollution or other incident or non-compliance.

Critical HSE Incident

• Injury or damage to assets or loss of operations An event, which has caused:
  • single or multiple fatalities; or
  • life threatening injury to a person(s), i.e. injuries that require immediate, aggressive action by site, ambulance and medical staff, such as urgent or emergency surgery, admittance to an intensive care or high dependency facility
  • damage to assets or property, or loss of operations, to a value greater than US$0.5 million.
• Environment Category 4 or Category 5 Environmental Incidents (see Incident categories)
• Media attention Public exposure of a serious, negative consequence.

Disabling Injury - Calculated as LostTime Injuries plus Restricted Work Injuries (LTI + RWI).

Eastern Limb - The eastern limb of theBushveld Igneous Complex (BIC) a welldifferentiated geological structure.

DISR - Disabling Injury Severity Rate. The number of disabling injuries per millionhours worked.

Environmental Incident categories: A scheme based on a scale ranging from 1 to 5 representing scale of environmental impact.

• Category 1: an incident that has caused negligible, reversible environmental impact, requiring very minor or no remediation.
• Category 2:an incident that has caused minor, reversible environmental impact, requiring minor remediation.
• Category 3: an incident causing moderate, reversible environmental impact, with short term effect, requiring moderate remediation.
• Category 4: an incident that has caused serious environmental impact, with medium term effect, requiring significant remediation.
• Category 5: an incident that has caused major environmental impact, with long term effect, requiring major remediation.

EMPR - Environmental Management Programme Report (South Africa).

EMS - Environmental Management Systems.

Exceptional - Profit or loss due to abnormal business transactions e.g. asset write down, profit from sale of a business.

Fatality - A death resulting from an occupational injury or disease/illness and identified within the reporting period.

FeV - Ferrovanadium.

GJ - Gigajoules (1 GJ = 1,000,000,000 joules).

GRI - Global Reporting Initiative - a long term, multi stakeholder, international process whose mission is to develop and disseminate globally applicable Sustainability Reporting Guidelines to assist corporations in reporting on the economic, environmental, and social performance of their operations.

ha - Hectares (1 ha = 10,000 square metres).

HDSA - Historically disadvantaged South African.

High Potential Risk HSE Incident (HPRI)
An event, or near miss, which could have:

• killed, or permanently disabled, a person(s); or
• caused life threatening injury to a person(s); or
• caused damage to assets or loss of operations to the value of greater than US$0.5 million; or
• caused a Category 4 or Category 5 environmental incident.

HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus.

Hours worked - Total number of hours worked by employees, including overtime and training, excluding leave, sickness and other absences. It includes the total number of contractor hours worked on site during the year.

HSEC - Health, safety, environment and community.

ISO - International Standardisation Organisation.

ISO 9001 - The International Standardisation Organisation' standard for quality management systems.

ISO 14001 - The International Standardisation Organisation' standard for environmental management systems.

kg - kilogram (1 kg = 1,000 grams).

kL - kilolitre (1 kL = 1,000 litres).

km - kilometre (1 km = 1,000 metres).

Land disturbed - Land disturbed by operational activities.

Land rehabilitated - Land disturbed by operational activities and then reshaped and revegetated.

Longwall - Series of equipment, including hydraulic jacks and a shearer, used to mine coal in an underground mine.

LPG - Liquid petroleum gas.

LTI - Lost Time Injury - an occupational injury or disease that results in days away from work on any rostered shift subsequent to that on which the injury occurred. A fatality is also recorded as a LTI.

LTIFR - Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate = LTI x 1,000,000/hours worked.

m3 - Cubic metres.

Megalitre - 1 megalitre = 1,000,000 litres or 1,000 kilolitres.

µg/l - Micrograms per litre.

ML - Megalitres (1 Ml = 1,000,000 litres).

Mt - Megatonnes (1 Mt = 1,000,000 tonnes).

MTI - Medical Treatment Injuries - an occupational injury/illness which is not classified as an LTI or RWI, but which results in loss of consciousness or medical treatment after first aid.

MW - Megawatt, a unit for measuring electric power, which has the value of 1,000,000 watts

NGOs - Non-governmental organisations

NIHL - Noise-induced hearing loss

NOx - Nitrogen oxide

Occupational disease - An occupational disease is registered when it is confirmed as a work related compensable case by a medical practitioner/physician.

OHSAS 18001 - Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (specifications for occupational health and safety management systems).

PJ - Petajoules (1015 joules).

Pneumoconiosis - Primarily an occupational disease of miners, sandblasters, and metal grinders. A chronic disease of the lungs, it is a result of repeated inhalation and accumulation of dust in the lungs leading to loss of lung function and possibly heart failure.

Raw water - Untreated water extracted from groundwater, dams or rivers. Groundwater is extracted from wells, bores, cut off trenches and mine dewatering both on and off site. Surface water is defined as water from streams, lakes and dams including storm water and collected runoff.

Recycled water - Recycled/re-used water is water:

• that has been used at least once in a process within the operation or at another operation within the organisation; and
• that would otherwise be part of a waste stream; and
• if not re-used, would require the input of raw water.

Reductant - Reducing agent, the electron donor in an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction.

RWI - Restricted Work Injury - An occupational injury or disease that results in a person being physically or mentally unable to perform all or any part of his/her normal assignment during any rostered shift subsequent to that on which the event occurred, that is, where: (1) the employee was assigned to another job on a temporary basis; (2) the employee worked at a permanent job less than full-time; or (3) the employee worked at his or her permanently assigned job but could not perform all the duties normally connected with it.

SO2 - Sulphur dioxide.

Social Involvement Plan (SIP) - A plan produced by each Commodity Business which sets out their engagement with local communities, and details the range of initiatives to be undertaken and the resources, financial and other, dedicated to this area of their business.

Tailings and tailings dams - The fine fraction of waste rock remaining after the mining and on-site processing of mineral resources. This consists of finely ground particles and traces of process reagents and chemical residues. Tailings are piped into engineered impoundments known as tailings dams, which are developed, operated, monitored and maintained to prevent seepage and water contamination both during and after mining operations.

TRI - Total Recordable Injuries - a measure that includes:

• Lost Time Injuries (including fatalities);
• Restricted Work Injuries; and
• Medical Treatment Injuries.

TRIFR - Total Recordable Injury Frequency Rate = (LTI + RWI + MTI) x 1,000,000/hours worked.

Venipuncture - The puncture of a vein for the withdrawal of blood or for intravenous medication.

Waste water discharged - Total volume of effluent discharged to: surface water for irrigation; third parties for treatment; and rivers or oceans.